What is Down Syndrome?
Down syndrome is caused by the presence of an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21. People with Down syndrome may also experience intellectual and developmental delays, but the extent of these challenges can vary widely. They may face medical issues such as heart defects, respiratory problems, and a higher risk of certain health conditions. Individuals with Down syndrome typically have distinct physical features, such as a flat facial profile, upward-slanting almond-shaped eyes, and a single deep crease across the palm.
Characteristics of Individuals with Down Syndrome
- Physical Features: Students with Down syndrome often exhibit distinct facial features, such as a flat facial profile, upward-slanting eyes, and a small nose. They may also experience hypotonia, which is characterized by low muscle tone, affecting motor skills.
- Intellectual and Developmental Characteristics: While there is considerable variability, many individuals with Down syndrome may have mild to moderate intellectual disabilities. Developmental delays in reaching milestones, such as walking and talking, are also common.
- Health Considerations:Infants with Down syndrome may have an increased risk of congenital heart defects. Additionally, they are more susceptible to respiratory and ear infections.
- Speech and Language: Speech and language development may be delayed in students with Down syndrome. Some individuals may use alternative forms of communication, such as sign language or augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices.
- Memory Strengths: Many individuals with Down syndrome demonstrate good long-term memory skills.
- Intellectual and Developmental Characteristics: While there is considerable variability, many individuals with Down syndrome may have mild to moderate intellectual disabilities. Developmental delays in reaching milestones, such as walking and talking, are also common.
- Health Considerations:Infants with Down syndrome may have an increased risk of congenital heart defects. Additionally, they are more susceptible to respiratory and ear infections.
- Speech and Language: Speech and language development may be delayed in students with Down syndrome. Some individuals may use alternative forms of communication, such as sign language or augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices.
- Memory Strengths: Many individuals with Down syndrome demonstrate good long-term memory skills.
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